Referencing and avoiding plagiarism

Contents

1. Referencing and avoiding plagiarism
2. What is plagiarism?
   1. How to avoid plagiarism
   2. Examples of good and bad academic practice
   3. Activity 1
   4. Plagiarism of expression
3. Why you need to reference
4. What is referencing?
5. How to provide references 1
6. In-text citations (Author/date style)
7. How to provide references 2
   1. Footnotes, reference lists and bibliographies
   2. Activity 2
8. To reference or not to reference that is the question
9. Referencing: Think - Who? When? What? and Where?
10. Referencing books
    1. Referencing book chapters
    2. Activity 3
    3. Referencing eBooks
    4. eBooks: Finding the URL
    5. Activity 4
11. Referencing journal articles (print)
    1. Activity 5
12. Referencing electronic journal articles
    1. Electronic journals and Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs)
    2. Activity 6
    3. Referencing online reports (Government department)
    4. Referencing the Internet (webpages)
    5. Activity 7
13. Managing your referencing: EndNote
14. Summary

Referencing journal articles (print)

In this section you will learn about how to construct references to journal articles. We will look at the information you need to include, for articles that you have accessed both in print and in electronic format.

Articles in printed journals
In the Harvard system a journal article reference should follow the pattern of:

Author(s)
(Year of publication)
Title: subtitle of article,
Title of journal,
Journal Volume (Journal issue),
Page numbers.

The Author and Year of publication details are listed in the same way as for a book.

Title of article (What)
The full title of the article should be entered as it appears in the journal, including any subtitles, in 'quotation marks' and is usually followed by a comma. For example:

'The citation trends in University libraries: a UK perspective',

Title of Journal (What)
The title of the journal in which the article appears should be written out in full. You should capitalise the first letter of each word in the title other than linking words such as and, of, for etc.The journal title should be emphasised (usually using italic text) and is followed by a comma, for example:
Journal of Referencing and Citation,

Journal volume and issue (When)
Many journals are organised by volumes and issues (or parts). The volume number is written first and the issue number usually follows in brackets, followed by a comma. For example:
20(3), = volume 20, issue 3
2(1), = volume 2, issue 1

Page references
It is important that you include the page numbers in a journal article reference after the volume and issue number because it helps the reader to locate the article quickly. You can use the abbreviations p. for "page" and pp. for "pages". For example:
p. 567
pp. 45-47